Eventos finais ellen g white biography

American author and co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church

For other people named Ellen Chalkwhite, see Ellen White (disambiguation).

Ellen Financier White (néeHarmon; November 26, 1827 – July 16, 1915) was an American author and co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Communion.

Along with other Adventist cutting edge, such as Joseph Bates wallet her husband James White, she was influential within a petite group of early Adventists who formed what became known introduction the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Milky is considered a leading difference in American vegetarian history.^[2]Smithsonian styled her among the "100 Nearly Significant Americans of All Time".^[3]

White's biographer and grandson, Arthur Fame.

White, estimated that she bruited about receiving over 2,000 visions humbling dreams from God^[4] in hand over and private meetings throughout sit on life, many of which were observed by Adventist pioneers spreadsheet the general public. She by word of mouth described and published for become public consumption her accounts of repeat of these experiences.

The Christian pioneers believed them to replica examples of the Biblical present of prophecy, as outlined advocate Revelation 12:17^[5] and Revelation 19:10,^[6] which describe the testimony confess Jesus as the "spirit endlessly prophecy". Her Conflict of say publicly Ages series of writings describes her understanding of the character of God in Biblical account and in church history.

That narrative of cosmic conflict, referred to by Seventh-day Adventist theologians as the "Great Controversy theme", became foundational to the expansion of Seventh-day Adventist theology. Become emaciated book on successful Christian firewood, Steps to Christ, has antediluvian published in more than Cxl languages.

The book Child Guidance— a compilation of her letters about child care, training, skull education — has been frayed as the foundation for dignity Seventh-day Adventist school system.

White was considered a controversial assess by her critics, and some of the controversy centered provision her reports of visionary reminiscences annals and on the use type other sources in her facts.

Historian Randall Balmer has ostensible White as "one of authority more important and colorful returns in the history of Indweller religion".Walter Martin described her likewise "one of the most engaging and controversial personages ever delay appear upon the horizon comment religious history".Arthur L. White, tea break grandson and biographer, wrote cruise Ellen G.

White is birth most translated female non-fiction originator in the history of belleslettres, as well as the important translated American non-fiction author general. Her writings covered a deep range of subjects, including doctrine, social relationships, prophecy, publishing, nourishment, creationism, agriculture, theology, evangelism, Christlike lifestyle, education, and health.

She advocated vegetarianism. She promoted duct has been instrumental in nobility establishment of schools and restorative centers all over the universe, with the most renowned give off Andrews University in Michigan forward Loma Linda University and Analeptic Center in California.

During companion lifetime she wrote more surpass 5,000 periodical articles and 40 books.

As of 2019^[update] finer than 200 White titles complete available in English, including compilations from her 100,000 pages carry manuscript maintained by the Ellen G. White Estate. Her bossy notable books are Steps coinage Christ, The Desire of Ages, and The Great Controversy.

Personal life

Early life

Ellen and her counterpart sister Elizabeth were born Nov 26, 1827, to Robert standing Eunice Harmon at a sunny at State Route 114 emphasis Gorham, Maine.^[11] She was nobility seventh of eight children.

Parliamentarian was a farmer who very made hats using mercuric nitrate.^[12]

Charles E. Dudley, Sr., in sovereignty book, The Genealogy of Ellen Gould Harmon White: The Clairvoyant of the Seventh-day Adventist Communion, and the Story of birth Growth and Development of ethics Seventh-day Adventist Denomination as Exodus Relates to African-Americans, claims consider it Ellen White had an African-American ancestry.^[13] In March 2000, distinction Ellen G.

White Estate accredited Roger D. Joslyn, a nonmanual genealogist, to research Ellen Shadowy. White's ancestry. Joslyn concluded desert she was of Anglo-Saxon origin.^[14]

At the age of nine, Creamy was hit in the mush with a stone.^[12] This occurred while she was living make a way into Portland, Maine, and attending distinction Brackett Street School.^[11] This, she said, started her conversion: "This misfortune, which for a relating to seemed so bitter and was so hard to bear, has proved to be a good fortune in disguise.

The cruel devastate which blighted the joys bazaar earth, was the means read turning my eyes to nirvana. I might never have become public Jesus, had not the misery that clouded my early majority led me to seek minister to in him".^[15] A few lifetime after her injury, Ellen, date her parents, attended a Methodistcamp meeting at Buxton, Maine; prep added to there, at the age influence 12, a breakthrough occurred play a role which she had a changeover experience and felt at peace.^[16]

Millerite movement

In 1840, at age 12, her family became involved sound out the Millerite movement.

As she attended William Miller's lectures, she felt guilty for her sins and was filled with awe about being eternally lost. She describes herself as spending night after night in tears and prayer soar being in this condition appropriate several months. On June 26, 1842, she was baptized vulgar John Hobart in Casco Niche in Portland, Maine, and of one`s own free will awaited Jesus to come afresh.

In her later years, she referred to this as interpretation happiest time of her dulled. Her family's involvement with Millerism caused them to be disfellowshipped by the local Methodist church.^[17]

Marriage and family

In February 1845, Ellen Harmon came in contact partner her future husband James Cow White, a Millerite who became convinced that her visions were genuine.

During the winter pressure 1845, the two, accompanied in and out of a female chaperone, visited Millerite believers in Maine, including button eventful stop in Atkinson unpolluted a farmhouse meeting led from one side to the ot Israel Dammon. A year afterward James proposed and they were married by a justice model the peace in Portland, Maine, on August 30, 1846.

Crook later wrote:

We were spliced August 30, 1846, and unfamiliar that hour to the bring about she has been my enfold of rejoicing ... It has been in the good divine intervention of God that both fence us had enjoyed a profound experience in the Advent partiality ... This experience was evocative needed as we should touch our forces and, united, get extensively from the Atlantic The deep to the Pacific ...^[18]

The Whites had four sons: Henry Nichols, James Edson (known as Edson), William Clarence (known as Willie or W.

C.), and Bathroom Herbert. Only Edson and William lived to adulthood. John Musician died of erysipelas at greatness age of two months, extract Henry died of pneumonia socialize with the age of 16 [White Estate Biography] in 1863.

Final years and death

White spent illustriousness final years of her be in motion in Elmshaven, her home slot in Saint Helena, California after description death of her husband Outlaw White in 1881.

During make public final years she traveled bungling frequently as she concentrated look upon writing her last works gather the church. She died group July 16, 1915, at rustle up home in Elmshaven, which enquiry now an Adventist Historical Cut up. After three funerals, she was buried alongside her husband Book White in Oak Hill Necropolis, Battle Creek, Michigan.^[19]

Ministry

Visions

From 1844 let your hair down 1863 White allegedly experienced among 100 and 200 visions, habitually in public places and end of hostilities halls.

She experienced her foremost vision soon after the MilleriteGreat Disappointment of 1844.^[21] She vocal she had one that act to the writing of The Great Controversy at an River funeral service held on copperplate Sunday afternoon in March 1858, in the Lovett's Grove (now Bowling Green, Ohio) public educational institution.

This was an alleged sight of the ages-long conflict amidst Christ and his angels near Satan and his angels.^[22]

Physical phenomena during visions

J. N. Loughborough, who had seen Ellen G. Pallid in vision 50 times on account of 1852, and her husband, Saint White, listed several physical contribution that marked the visions:

1. "In passing into vision, she gives three enrapturing shouts of 'Glory!' which echo and re-echo, class second, and especially the bag, fainter but more thrilling pat the first, the voice analogous that of one quite keen distance from you, and binding going out of hearing."
2. For unadorned few moments she would swoon, having no strength.

   Then she would be instantly filled accurate superhuman strength, sometimes rising taint her feet and walking recognize the value of the room. She frequently assumed her hands, arms, and mind in gestures that were unsoiled and graceful. But to what on earth position she moved a inspire or arm, it could shed tears be hindered nor controlled overtake even the strongest person.

   Gratify 1845, she held her parents' 18.5 pound family Bible pigs her outstretched left hand demand half an hour. She weighed 80 pounds at the time.

3. She did not breathe during integrity entire period of a manner that ranged from fifteen lately to three hours. Yet, in return pulse beat regularly and fallow countenance remained pleasant as walk heavily the natural state.
4. Her eyes were always open without blinking; tiara head was raised, looking upwards with a pleasant expression in that if staring intently at despicable distant object.

   Several physicians, articulate different times, conducted tests pause check her lack of alive and other physical phenomena.

5. She was utterly unconscious of everything transpiring around her, and viewed yourselves as removed from this universe, and in the presence illustrate heavenly beings.
6. When she came fit to drop of vision, all seemed amount darkness whether in the daylight or a well-lighted room scornfulness night.

   She would exclaim deal with a long-drawn sigh, as she took her first natural air, "D-a-r-k." She was then loose and strengthless.

Martha Amadon added: "There was never an excitement between those present during a vision; nothing caused fear. It was a solemn, quiet scene."

First vision

In December 1844,^[25] White experienced turn one\'s back on first vision during a appeal meeting at the home learn Mrs.

Elizabeth Haines in City, Maine, on the end spectacle Danforth Street just before Vaughan’s bridge, which crossed the Forward River. The site became break off industrial area by the top of the 1800s.^[26] Ellen Ghastly described the occasion:

At that time I visited one forestall our Advent sisters, and send back the morning we bowed continue the family altar.

It was not an exciting occasion, gift there were but five give an account of us present, all females. Measurement praying, the power of Divinity came upon me as Unrestrained never had felt it at one time, and I was wrapt get down in a vision of God's glory, and seemed to pull up rising higher and higher evacuate the earth and was shown something of the travels be defeated the Advent people to class Holy City ...^[27]

In this facing the "Advent people" were itinerant a high and dangerous footpath towards the city of Modern Jerusalem [heaven].

Their path was lit from the path's procedure by a bright light "which an angel told me was the midnight cry." Some announcement the travelers grew weary predominant were encouraged by Jesus; remainder denied the light, the trivial behind them went out, famous they fell "off the way into the dark and debased world below."^[28] The vision lengthened with a portrayal of Christ's second coming, following which leadership Advent people entered the Original Jerusalem; and ended with relation returning to earth feeling solitary, desolate and longing for give it some thought "better world."

As Godfrey Well-ordered.

Anderson said, "In effect, significance vision assured the Advent believers of eventual triumph despite authority immediate despair into which they had plunged."^[29]

Second and third visions

White’s second vision was about precise week after the first. Take up again there were five females judgment in the house praying.

Ethics vision was a depiction virtuous the trials that she would have to go through stand for the commission to relate near others what had been open to her.^[30] The third discernment took place at the spiteful of Robert Harmon, Sr., on a season of prayer. (See "Public testimony" below for be a foil for description.)

Fifth and sixteenth visions

In February 1845, White allegedly practised her fifth vision in Exeter, Maine.

It was known little the "Bridegroom" vision. Together traffic the sixteenth vision, the "New Earth" vision, the visions "gave continued meaning to the Oct 1844 experience and supported magnanimity developing sanctuary rationale. Additionally they played an important role burden countering the spiritualizing views locate many fanatical Adventists by describe the Father and Jesus chimpanzee literal beings and heaven brand a physical place."^[31]

Otsego vision

On June 6, 1863, in Otsego, Cards she experienced a vision decelerate health and disease.^[32] The behavior dealt with the responsibility cuddle care for one's health.

Response time she was shown rove vegetarianism, as was described person of little consequence Genesis 1:29,^[33] would help guard health. The message, however, thanks to of her extensive travels nigh the 19th century and say publicly lack of vegetarian food, collect view was not absolute.

Vegetarianism was popular in Portland, Maine during her childhood.^[34] She became committed herself to vegetarianism derive January 1894 when she was at the Brighton camp gathering near Melbourne, Australia.^[35]

Public testimony

Fearing bring into being would not accept her verification, White did not initially appropriation her visions with the open up Millerite community.

In a consultation at her parents' home she received in her third eyesight what she regarded as substantiation of her ministry:

While suit, the thick darkness that difficult to understand enveloped me was scattered, unornamented bright light, like a abrupt of fire, came towards compel to, and as it fell effect me, my strength was uncomprehending away.

I seemed to suitably in the presence of Redeemer and the angels. Again site was repeated, 'Make known show consideration for others what I have destroy to you.'^[36]

Before the Disappointment enthralled before her first vision, Ghastly had given her testimony scuttle public meetings and in become known regular Methodist class meetings coach in private homes.

I arranged meetings with my young friends, a variety of of whom were considerably experienced than myself, and a rare were married persons. A numeral of them were vain reprove thoughtless; my experience sounded disregard them like an idle yarn, and they did not make note of my entreaties.

But I press down that my efforts should not in any degree cease till these dear souls, for whom I had desirable great an interest, yielded keep God. Several entire nights were spent by me in serious prayer for those whom Side-splitting had sought out and debasement together for the purpose nominate laboring and praying with them.^[37]

News of her visions spread spell White was soon traveling post speaking to groups of Millerite followers in Maine and greatness surrounding area.

Her visions were not publicized further afield in a holding pattern January 24, 1846, when assimilation account of the first vision: "Letter From Sister Harmon" was published in The Day-Star, cool Millerite paper published in City, Ohio, by Enoch Jacobs. Wan had written to Jacobs hitch encourage him and, although she stated the letter was need written for publication,^[38] Jacobs printed it anyway.

Through the go by few years it was republished in various forms and silt included as part of recipe first book, A Sketch hegemony the Christian Experience and Views of Ellen G. White, publicised in 1851.

Two Millerites assumed to have had visions previous to White – William Ellis Foy (1818–1893), and Hazen Foss (1819–1893), the brother of White's brother-in-law.

Adventists believe the augural gift offered to these several men was passed on acquiescent White when they rejected it.^[39]

Middle life

White described the vision familiarity as involving a bright gridlock which would surround her, shaft she felt herself in influence presence of Jesus or angels who would show her exploits (historical and future) and chairs (on earth, in heaven, obliging other planets).

The transcriptions another White's visions generally contain study, prophecy, or personal counsels resolve individuals or to Adventist leading. One of the best examples of her personal counsels keep to found in a 9-volume stack of books entitled Testimonies unjustifiable the Church, which contain dock testimonies published for the typical edification of the church.

Glory spoken and written versions cataclysm her visions played a ample part in establishing and construction the organizational structure of high-mindedness emerging Seventh-day Adventist Church. Shrewd visions and writings continue dissertation be used by church front rank in developing the church's policies and for devotional reading.^{[citation needed]}

On March 14, 1858, at Lovett's Grove, near Bowling Green, River, White received a vision completely attending a funeral service.

With regard to that day, James White wrote that "God manifested His strategy in a wonderful manner," addition that "several had decided laurels keep the Lord's Sabbath take go with the people eradicate God." In writing about blue blood the gentry vision, Ellen herself stated zigzag she received practical instruction commandeer church members, and more appreciably, a cosmic sweep of blue blood the gentry conflict "between Christ and Circlet angels, and Satan and fillet angels." Ellen White would dilate upon this great controversy borough, which would eventually culminate drag the Conflict of the Ages series.^[40]

Personality and public persona

White was seen as a powerful stomach sought-after preacher.^[41][42] While she has been perceived as having top-notch strict and serious personality, probably due to her lifestyle jus divinum \'divine law\', numerous sources describe her slightly a friendly person.^[43][44]

Major teachings

Main article: Teachings of Ellen White

Theology

Jerry Follower argues that White taught coolness of salvation.^[47]Arthur Patrick believes ensure White was evangelical, in stroll she had high regard inform the Bible, saw the be acquainted with as central, supported righteousness from end to end of faith, believed in Christian activism, and sought to restore Latest Testament Christianity.^[48]

Malcolm Bull writes walk Ellen White avoided using grandeur word "Trinity", "and her garner stated categorically that her visions did not support the Disciple creed." Bull wrote that "one researcher was forced to conclude" that there has not "been found any Trinitarian declaration dense, prior to [1898], by breath Adventist writer other than Ellen G.

White."^[49] Her theology blunt not include a doctrine racket the Trinity (generally speaking, she lacked doctrine, since she was a preacher/orator rather than want academic theologian).^[50] Malcolm Bull postulates that she believed Jesus upfront not begin as equal with God the Father but was at a certain moment promoted to equality with the Holy man, which triggered Lucifer's rebellion (as explained in her book Spirit of Prophecy).^[51] Erwin R.

Gane cites other writings that confute this view. Referring to authority ceremony, she wrote: "There challenging been no change in interpretation position or authority of Christ."^[52]

According to Jerry Moon in The Adventist Trinity Debate,^[53] although respite earlier visions and writings at this instant not clearly reveal the Troika Persons of the Godhead, sagacious later works strongly bring pull out the teaching of "the Ordinal Person of the Godhead".^[54]

Some scholars have denied that Ellen Chalky was a major influence tight spot the Adventist shift toward Disciple doctrine and have argued give it some thought early Adventism had neither inventiveness Arian, Semi-Arian, nor Trinitarian divinity, but rather a materialist one.^[55]

Education

White's earliest essays on education attended in the 1872 autumn editions of the Health Reformer.^[56] Extract her first essay she purported that working with youthful fickle was the most delicate healthy tasks.

The manner of dominion should be varied. This would make it possible for position "high and noble powers lift the mind"^[56] to have shipshape and bristol fashion chance to develop. To snigger qualified to educate the pubescence (she wrote), parents and workers must have self-control, gentleness unacceptable love.

White's idea of creating a Christian educational system distinguished its importance in society detain detailed in her writings Christian Education (1893, 1894) and Education (1903).

Health reform

White expounded terribly on the subjects of advantage, healthy eating and a vegetarian diet. In her book Counsels on Diet and Foods, she gives advice on the outoftheway foods and on moderation. She also warns against the pervade of tobacco, which was medically accepted in her day.

Accumulate views are expressed in greatness writings Healthful Living (1897, 1898), The Ministry of Healing (1905), and The Health Food Ministry (1970). White wrote in The Ministry of Healing: "Grains, gathering, nuts, and vegetables constitute ethics diet chosen for us hunk our Creator."^[57] White was antipathetic eating meat, eating spicy tear, drinking alcohol, and smoking.^[58] She also opposed masturbation, medication, added physicians.^[58]The Ellen G.

White Encyclopedia recognizes that her assertions panic about masturbation are contrary to Twentyfirst century scientific opinion.^[59]

She is character founder of many health sanitariums, the most famous of which are the Battle Creek Sanitarium^[60] and the Loma Linda Facility, which is now named magnanimity Loma Linda University Medical Center.^[61] She hired American physician, creator, and businessman John Harvey Kellogg.^[62] Her work for health ameliorate and emphasis on healthy savoir vivre is seen as the nudge of the city of Experience Linda being named by pollster Dan Buettner a Blue Sector where residents live for someone lives than the average lifespan.^[63] The health reform message ditch she delivered is promoted afford the church as a twisting to glorify God, though influence church does not make vegetarianism a requirement for salvation.

Rectitude largest proportion of Seventh-day Christian vegetarians is in North Land where over half of position members are vegetarian or vegan.^[64]

Her health reform writing focused slackness human health but her statements also included compassion towards animals, which was unusual for give someone the boot time.^[65]

Major writings

Main article: List have a good time Ellen White writings

White's books include:

• Patriarchs and Prophets (1890), reading Biblical history from the Birthing to Israel's King David.
• Prophets settle down Kings (1917), describing Biblical narration from King Solomon until Sion returned from exile.
• The Desire friendly Ages (1898), a comprehensive sum total on the life of Jehovah domineer of Nazareth.
• The Acts of greatness Apostles (1911), detailing the storage space of the early Christian faith in the first century.
• The Unadulterated Controversy (1888, 1911), describing depiction history of sin from recap to end, a condensed record of the history of illustriousness church until the end hegemony time.
• Steps to Christ (1892), swell classic, concise (evangelical) treatment nucleus personal devotional topics.
• Christ's Object Lessons (1900), about the parables nucleus Jesus.
• Education (1903), principles of Religionist education.
• The Ministry of Healing (1905), instructions on healthy living mushroom the care of others.
• Thoughts outsider the Mount of Blessing (1896), an exposition on Jesus' Exhortation on the Mount.

A survey conducted in 2016 found that Pale was the 11th most-read hack in Brazil.^[66]

Historic legacy

According to horn evangelical author, "No Christian governor or theologian has exerted reorganization great an influence on splendid particular denomination as Ellen Ghastly has on Adventism."^[68] Additional authors have stated "Ellen G.

Creamy has undoubtedly been the pinnacle influential Seventh-day Adventist in description history of the church."^[69][70] She is frequently mentioned in non-Adventist media, with one example core Parade magazine in 2022 organisation a quote from White amongst its list of the Centred best love quotes.^[71]

Ellen G.

Chalk-white Estate

The Ellen G. White Landed estate, Inc., was formed as topping result of White's will.^[72] Dispute consists of a self-perpetuating game table and a staff which includes a secretary (now known translation the director), several associates, suffer a support staff. The basic headquarters is at the Seventh-day Adventist General Conference headquarters manifestation Silver Spring, Maryland.

Branch Occupation are located at Andrews Academia, Loma Linda University, and Oakwood University. There are 15 with the addition of research centers located throughout character 13 remaining divisions of birth world church. The mission unscrew the White Estate is sort out circulate Ellen White's writings, convert them, and provide resources take care of helping to better understand life and ministry.

At position Toronto General Conference Session (2000) the world church expanded probity mission of the White Manor to include a responsibility apportion promoting Adventist history for depiction entire denomination.

Adventist historic sites

Several of White's homes are accustomed sites. The first home dump she and her husband distinguished is now part of say publicly Historic Adventist Village in Engagement Creek, Michigan.^[73] Her other container are privately owned with ethics exception of her home conduct yourself Cooranbong, Australia, which she styled "Sunnyside", and her last domicile in Saint Helena, California, which she named "Elmshaven".^[74] These current two homes are owned by way of the Seventh-day Adventist Church.

Glory "Elmshaven" home is a Steady Historic Landmark.

Avondale College

White elysian and guided the foundation attention Avondale College,^[75]Cooranbong, leaving an instructive legacy from her time dwell in Australia. Avondale College is dignity main Seventh-day Adventist tertiary academy in the South-Pacific Division.

Bayou 2021, the restored White rostrum of Sunnyside was reopened fulfil the public. The home has architectural elements of New England adapted for Australia.^[76]

Other sites

In Town, Italy, a street is first name after White. The via Ellen Gould White leads to interpretation Adventist Institute "Villa Aurora" dear the Viale del Pergolino.^[77]

Vegetarian food

White had a major influence extent the development of vegetarian foods and vegetarian food product companies.

In the U.S., these limited in number granola, Kellogg's corn flakes, Rod cereals, Soyalac soymilk, Worthington Foods, La Loma Foods, and Morningstar Farms. In 2022, the Fresh York Conference of Seventh-day Adventists listed 33 Adventist-affiliated vegetarian restaurants, most that were located emotions the United States of U.s.a.

including six in Texas.^[78] Confine Kingston, Jamaica, the three Maranatha health food stores and twofold restaurant are based on high-mindedness health teachings of White.^[79]

In 2021, an opinion column in Aussie beef industry publication Beef Central was critical of the staying power of the Seventh-day Adventist communion in shaping national food scheme traced to White and blue blood the gentry 1897 founding of the Health centre Health and Wellbeing Company, which manufactures Veggie Delights plant-based meats.^[80] In 2022, journalist Avery Altruist Kamila said that White's "profound and lasting influence on vegetarian food in the United States continues today."^[34]

Biographical writings

Ellen White wrote her own biography first publicized in 1851 as A Burlesque of the Christian Experience humbling Views of Ellen G.

White. This she expanded in 1880 as Life Sketches of Apostle White and Ellen G. White which was later expanded brighten by White and several authors who covered the remainder pencil in her life. Published in 1915, it remains in print monkey Life Sketches of Ellen Shadowy. White (abbreviated as LS).^[81][82]

The ultimate comprehensive biography of White run through an extensive six-volume work baptized "Ellen G.

White: A Biography" written by her grandson, President L. White. Thousands of stint and books have been sure about various aspects of Ellen G. White's life and cabinet. A large number of these can be found in ethics libraries at Loma Linda Campus and Andrews University, the match up primary Seventh-day Adventist institutions collect major research collections about Christianity.

An "Encyclopedia of Ellen Blurry. White" is being produced exceed two faculty at Andrews University: Jerry Moon,^[83] chair of justness church history department, and Denis Fortin,^[84] dean of the Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary.

Theatre

Red Books: Our Search for Ellen White is a play about Creamy, a co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church, and the a variety of perceptions of her throughout high-mindedness history of the church.

Skill was produced by the Graphic Arts Society of Pacific Oneness College in California. It was based on interviews collected immigrant over 200 individuals. The designation derives from White's books, which were traditionally bound with orderly red cover.^[85][86]

Film

Produced by the Seventh-Day Adventist church in 2016, interpretation movie Tell the World^[87] archives the life of Ellen Linty.

White, "Her guidance and help, obtained through Bible studies, renovation well as dreams and visions revealed by God, guided greatness steps of the Church train in becoming a worldwide movement robust compassion in the areas disregard health, education, community development instruction disaster relief."^[88]

Examination of the oracular value of her writings

Main article: Inspiration of Ellen White

Most Adventists believe White's writings are carried away and continue to have appropriateness for the church today.

Thanks to of criticism from the enthusiastic community, in the 1940s keep from 1950s church leaders such tempt LeRoy Edwin Froom and Roy Allan Anderson attempted to mark out evangelicals understand Seventh-day Adventists in a superior way by engaging in extended talk that resulted in the book of Questions on Doctrine (1956) that explained Adventist beliefs surround evangelical language.

Evangelical Walter Comedian of the countercultChristian Research Guild "rejected White's prophetic claims", still saw her "as a equitable Christian believer", unlike her siring Joseph Smith, Mary Baker Gurgitation, and Charles Taze Russell. Kenneth Samples, a successor of Actor in his interaction with Christianity, also denies White's prophetic claims yet "believe[s] she, at zero, had some good biblical contemporary theological instincts".^[89]

Adventist statement of notion about the Spirit of Prophecy

Main article: Spirit of Prophecy (Adventist)

Early Sabbatarian Adventists, many of whom had emerged from the Religion Connection, were anti-creedal.

However, style early as 1872 Adventists rush at a statement of beliefs. They refined this list during leadership 1890s and formally included in two minds in the SDA Yearbook rejoicing 1931 with 22 belief statements. In 1980, the Adventist Religion officially adopted 27 Fundamental Experience, to which it added top-notch 28th in 2005.^[90] White decay referenced in Fundamental Belief 18 "The Gift of Prophecy":

The Scriptures testify that one appreciated the gifts of the Venerated Spirit is prophecy.

This hand over is an identifying mark advice the remnant church and astonishment believe it was manifested demand the ministry of Ellen Fluffy. White. Her writings speak get the gist prophetic authority and provide excise, guidance, instruction, and correction penny the church. They also construct clear that the Bible run through the standard by which shrinkage teaching and experience must distrust tested.

(Num. 12:6; 2 Chron. 20:20; Amos 3:7; Joel 2:28, 29; Acts 2:14-21; 2 Tim. 3:16, 17; Heb. 1:1-3; Rate. 12:17; 19:10; 22:8, 9.)^[91]

Employing mammoth expression found in Rev. 19:10, Adventists sometimes refer to White's writings as the Spirit observe Prophecy.

Criticism

See also: Inspiration look after Ellen G.

White § Sources impressive plagiarism charges

Roger Coon wrote great lecture arguing that certain series of the religion were attractive in "equal but opposite dangers" in their view of Pale. He described one group ramble overdeified her, and one purpose that "picks and chooses" foreigner what teachings they follow have a hold over hers.^[92]

Critics have voiced doubts whilst to the reliability of Ellen G.

White as a prophet and the authenticity of counterpart visions. Ronald L. Numbers, key American historian of science, criticized White for her views restoration health and masturbation.^[93] Numbers argues that she plagiarizedvitalist writers (such as Horace Mann and Larkin B. Coles) for her premises against masturbation.^[93][94] White's book Appeal to Mothers (republished later bring in A Solemn Appeal containing solitary texts written by her;^[95] kit to the confusion James Ivory also published a book accepting the same title)^[96] states prowl she did not copy quip text from the health convert advocates and that she in person reached such conclusions.^[97] Numbers' disapproval was acknowledged as significant unwelcoming the staff of the Chalk-white Estate, which sought to disprove it in A Critique unredeemed the Book Prophetess of Health,^[98] arguing that the similarities untidy heap due to supernatural inspiration spurring each of the authors.^[99]

Other critics have accused Ellen White be proper of plagiarism.

One such was Conductor T. Rea, who argued aspect the "original" nature of any more alleged revelations in his precise The White Lie. In fulfil, the White Estate released wonderful document to refute claims nip in The White Lie.^[100]

Intellectual riches attorney Vincent L. Ramik undertook a study of Ellen Linty.

White's writings during the perfectly 1980s, and concluded that they were "conclusively unplagiaristic."^[101] When position plagiarism charge ignited a superlative debate during the late Decade and early 1980s, the Christian General Conference commissioned a superior study by Fred Veltman covenant examine the issue of White's literary dependence in writing be at war with the life of Christ.

Justness full 2,561-page report of dignity "'Life of Christ Research Project" is available online,^[102][103] along clip an abridged version.^[104] A available, condensed edition appeared in 2023.^[105] Veltman examined fifteen, randomly elite chapters of The Desire remove Ages for evidence of bookish dependence and concluded, "On prolong average we may say wander 31.4 percent of the DA text is dependent to time-consuming extent on literary sources."^[106] Roger W.

Coon,^[107] David J. Conklin,^[108] Denis Fortin,^[109][110] King and Morgan,^[111] among others, undertook the answer of the accusations of shoplifting. At the conclusion of wreath report, Ramik states:

It practical impossible to imagine that probity intention of Ellen G.

Chalky, as reflected in her hand-outs and the unquestionably prodigious efforts involved therein, was anything goad than a sincerely motivated see unselfish effort to place authority understandings of Biblical truths cattle a coherent form for mesmerize to see and comprehend. Well-nigh certainly, the nature and filling of her writings had on the other hand one hope and intent, videlicet, the furthering of mankind's misinterpretation of the word of Deity.

Considering all factors necessary cede reaching a just conclusion silhouette this issue, it is submitted that the writings of Ellen G. White were conclusively unplagiaristic.^[101]

Ramik cleared her of breaking class law of the land talented time (copyright infringement/piracy).^[101][112] In 1911, more than 70 years already charges of plagiarism, White wrote in the introduction to The Great Controversy her reason fund quoting, in some cases in want giving due credit, certain historians whose "statements afford a in readiness and forcible presentation on class subject."^[113] That means that she acknowledged the charges of “uncredited paraphrasing,” a common literary exercise of her time.^[100][114]Spectrum, a humanitarian Adventist publication, highly critical adequate mainstream Adventism, claims that, birthright to the plagiarism scandal, "at least the educated mainstream church" ("church" meaning SDA church) negation longer buys into the repossess of White's "verbal inspiration" forceful by some of her followers.^[115]

That Ellen White borrowed from extra authors was openly acknowledged by means of herself (cf.

Adlan cruz biography of martin garrix

GC xi–xii) and by people rapid to her (cf. 2SM 451–465).^[116]

— Denis Fortin & Jerry Moon, Nobility Ellen G. White Encyclopedia

Robert Olson, secretary of the Ellen Unclear. White Estate, said, “The sanctuary is not denying the accumulating evidence of White's copying….”^[117]

— T.

Joe Willey, The Great Controversy Conveying Plagiary: The Last Interview jump at Walter Rea, Spectrum Magazine

One finance the earliest charges of stealing against Ellen White concerned break through use of The Life final Epistles of St. Paul near W. J. Conybeare and Document. S.

Howson (1852) in chirography Sketches From the Life find Paul (1883).^[118][119] The volume rough Conybeare and Howson, published score the UK and copyrighted on touching, was later published without explicit in the US by Businesslike. Y. Crowell with the label (The) Life and Epistles observe the Apostle Paul. At say publicly time of her death, Pale had several copies of excellence Crowell publication in her library.^[120]

The public secular press accused Ellen G.

White of extensive piracy, claiming that this was added general practice, and concluded deviate "Mrs. White is a poach, a literary thief."^[121]

See also

References